Human Rights Watch (HRW) has called on the Zimbabwean government to completely repeal the so-called Patriotic Act, arguing that despite a recent court ruling striking down key provisions, the law remains a serious threat to fundamental freedoms.
On June 11, Zimbabwe’s High Court ruled that parts of the Criminal Law Codification and Reform Act, commonly known as the Patriotic Act, were unconstitutional.
The court found that Section 22A(3), which imposed harsh penalties such as life imprisonment, the death penalty and revocation of citizenship, violated constitutional protections.
The case was brought by the Media Alliance of Zimbabwe and rights activist Zenzele Ndebele who argued that the law silenced dissenting voices and lacked clear legal definitions, making it vulnerable to misuse.
While welcoming the court’s decision, HRW on Monday warned that the remaining provisions of the Patriotic Act still pose a serious risk to free speech and civil liberties.
The law, signed by President Emmerson Mnangagwa in July 2023, criminalises participation in meetings that promote economic sanctions against Zimbabwe and restricts international advocacy by civil society groups.
“Such provisions amount to serious violations of the fundamental human rights to freedom of expression, peaceful assembly, and association,” the rights group said.
Since its enactment, the Patriotic Act has faced widespread criticism from domestic and international human rights organisations, including the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights and Zimbabwe Lawyers for Human Rights.
Critics argue that the law stifles political opposition and limits avenues for accountability.
JN/APA