Despite the ballot marred by widespread annulments and controversy, Egypt’s 2025 parliamentary elections have produced a more diverse legislature, bringing together pro-government parties, a broader opposition presence and an unprecedented number of independent lawmakers.
The elections for the House of Representatives concluded after one of
the longest and most contested electoral processes in Egypt’s recent
history.
On Saturday, the National Elections Authority (NEA) announced the results of the second round held in 27 constituencies where first-round outcomes had been annulled by court rulings.
This final phase confirmed the election of 49 lawmakers, completing the composition of the chamber, which includes 568 elected members.
The House of Representatives is made up of 596 members, including 28 deputies—around 5 per cent, appointed by the President of the Republic.
The 568 elected seats are evenly split between the closed absolute
list system and individual candidacies, with 284 seats allocated under
each method.
According to the NEA, of the 69,891,913 registered
voters, 22,657,211 cast ballots, representing a turnout of 32.41 per cent, higher than the 29.5 per cent recorded in the 2020 legislative elections. Valid votes totalled 21,150,656, while 1,506,555 ballots were declared invalid.
The vote, which began in November and stretched over nearly two months, was marked by allegations of fraud, vote-buying and episodes of electoral violence.
These irregularities led to the annulment of results in 49 out of 70 constituencies during the initial phase, around 68 per cent of cases, 19 by decisions of the NEA and 30 through final rulings of the Supreme Administrative Court. As a result, voting was repeated in around ten governorates, extending the electoral timetable beyond its original deadlines.
Meanwhile, the Official Gazette published on January 8 Presidential Decree No. 11 of 2026, issued by President Abdel Fattah Al-Sissi, dissolving the sixth ordinary session of the second legislative term, marking the end of the parliament elected in late 2020, whose mandate expired in January 2026.
Despite the turbulence, the final results point to a more varied political landscape within the new chamber. Pro-government parties—Future of a Nation, the Protectors of the Nation and the National Front—secured around 410 seats, accounting for roughly 72 per cent of the total. Opposition parties and independent candidates
won 158 seats, or 28 per cent of the House, according to figures from the State Information Service.
The new parliament brings together 15 political parties, including eight from the opposition, alongside 105 independent lawmakers—more than 18 per cent of elected members—an unprecedented level compared with the previous legislature.
This configuration opens a new phase for parliamentary oversight of government action. Several legal challenges contesting the validity of individual mandates remain pending before the Court of Cassation, while observers believe the growing influence of independents and opposition figures could strengthen the use of parliamentary scrutiny mechanisms.
The third legislative term thus begins under the banner of a more nuanced balance of power, at a time when expectations for governance and representativeness remain high.
MK/ak/sf/lb/gik/APA